{"id":114,"date":"2023-02-18T10:12:52","date_gmt":"2023-02-18T02:12:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/?p=114"},"modified":"2023-02-18T10:13:04","modified_gmt":"2023-02-18T02:13:04","slug":"java-threadlocal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/2023\/02\/18\/java-threadlocal\/","title":{"rendered":"Java ThreadLocal\u7b80\u4ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"

ThreadLocal<\/h2>\n

ThreadLocal\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355<\/p>\n

static final ThreadLocal<T> sThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<T>();\nsThreadLocal.set()\nsThreadLocal.get()<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
ThreadLocal\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\/**\n * This class provides thread-local variables.  These variables differ from\n * their normal counterparts in that each thread that accesses one (via its\n * {@code get} or {@code set} method) has its own, independently initialized\n * copy of the variable.  {@code ThreadLocal} instances are typically private\n * static fields in classes that wish to associate state with a thread (e.g.,\n * a user ID or Transaction ID).\n *\/<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5927\u81f4\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662fThreadLocal\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u5b58\u50a8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7get\u548cset\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u505a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u4ece\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770bThreadLocal\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2amap\uff0ckey\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0cvalue\u5c31\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u55bb\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662fThreadLocal\u7684\u9759\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u7c7bThreadLocalMap\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2aThread\u90fd\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4table\uff0cThreadLocal\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0b\u6807\u5c31\u662fvalue\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u5c31\u5728get\u548cset\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\/\/set \u65b9\u6cd5\npublic void set(T value) {\n    \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\n    Thread t = Thread.currentThread();\n    \/\/\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7c7b\u578b\n    ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);\n    \/\/\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728map\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5set\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5219\u521b\u5efamap\u5e76set\n    if (map != null)\n        map.set(this, value);\n    else\n        createMap(t, value);\n  }\n\n\/\/getMap\u65b9\u6cd5\nThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {\n    \/\/thred\u4e2d\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aThreadLocalMap\n    return t.threadLocals;\n}\n\n\/\/createMap\nvoid createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {\n    \/\/\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684ThreadLocalMap\uff0c\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cfthreadLocals\n    t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6301\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aThreadLocalMap\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong>\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0bThread\u90fd\u4f1a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u4e00\u4e2aThreadLocalMap\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cfthreadLocals\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u82e5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728threadLocals\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
Thread<\/h2>\n
\/* ThreadLocal values pertaining to this thread. This map is maintained\n * by the ThreadLocal class.\n *\/\nThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;<\/code><\/pre>\n
Thread\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8eThreadLocalMap\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bcreateMap\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
ThreadLocalMap<\/h2>\n
set\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n
\/\/Entry\u4e3aThreadLocalMap\u9759\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b\uff0c\u5bf9ThreadLocal\u7684\u82e5\u5f15\u7528\n\/\/\u540c\u65f6\u8ba9ThreadLocal\u548c\u50a8\u503c\u5f62\u6210key-value\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\nstatic class Entry extends WeakReference<ThreadLocal<?>> {\n    \/** The value associated with this ThreadLocal. *\/\n    Object value;\n\n    Entry(ThreadLocal<?> k, Object v) {\n        super(k);\n        value = v;\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ThreadLocalMap\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\nThreadLocalMap(ThreadLocal<?> firstKey, Object firstValue) {\n    \/\/\u5185\u90e8\u6210\u5458\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cINITIAL_CAPACITY\u503c\u4e3a16\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\n    table = new Entry[INITIAL_CAPACITY];\n    \/\/\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u53d6\u6a21\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\n    \/\/threadLocalHashCode\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u8da3\n    int i = firstKey.threadLocalHashCode & (INITIAL_CAPACITY - 1);\n    table[i] = new Entry(firstKey, firstValue);\n    size = 1;\n    setThreshold(INITIAL_CAPACITY);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa\u5728\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316ThreadLocalMap\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a16\u7684Entry\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7hashCode\u4e0elength\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u786e\u5b9a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u503ci\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2ai\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728table\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u8fc7\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0bThread\u6301\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aThreadLocalMap\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8bthreadLocals\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u6b64\u5904\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0bThread\u90fd\u6301\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aEntry\u578b\u7684\u6570\u7ec4table\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4table\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u663e\u7136table\u662fset\u548cget\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u7684set\u548cget\u65b9\u6cd5\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u58f0\u660e\u4e86ABC\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684ThreadLocal\nThreadLocal<A> sThreadLocalA = new ThreadLocal<A>();\nThreadLocal<B> sThreadLocalB = new ThreadLocal<B>();\nThreadLocal<C> sThreadLocalC = new ThreadLocal<C>();<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7531\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2aThread\u6765\u8bf4\u53ea\u6709\u6301\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aThreadLocalMap\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5ABC\u5bf9\u5e94\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aThreadLocalMap\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406ABC\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684Entry\u578b\u7684\u6570\u7ec4table\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0cABC\u5728table\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff1f\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u503ci<\/p>\n
\/\/ThreadLocalMap\u4e2dset\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\nprivate void set(ThreadLocal<?> key, Object value) {\n\n    \/\/ We don't use a fast path as with get() because it is at\n    \/\/ least as common to use set() to create new entries as\n    \/\/ it is to replace existing ones, in which case, a fast\n    \/\/ path would fail more often than not.\n\n    Entry[] tab = table;\n    int len = tab.length;\n    \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u522b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\n    int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len-1);\n\n    \/\/\u904d\u5386tab\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u503c\n    for (Entry e = tab[i];\n         e != null;\n         e = tab[i = nextIndex(i, len)]) {\n        ThreadLocal<?> k = e.get();\n\n        if (k == key) {\n            e.value = value;\n            return;\n        }\n\n        if (k == null) {\n            replaceStaleEntry(key, value, i);\n            return;\n        }\n    }\n\n    \/\/\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u904d\u5386\u6210\u529f\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u503c\n    tab[i] = new Entry(key, value);\n    int sz = ++size;\n    \/\/\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9x2\n    if (!cleanSomeSlots(i, sz) && sz >= threshold)\n        rehash();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728ThreadLocalMap\u4e2d\u7684set\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len-1)\nint i = firstKey.threadLocalHashCode & (INITIAL_CAPACITY - 1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\u5c31\u662f\u5c06threadLocalHashCode\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\uff08\u53d6\u6a21\uff09\u5f97\u5230\u7d22\u5f15i\uff0cthreadLocalHashCode\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/\/ThreadLocal\u4e2dthreadLocalHashCode\u76f8\u5173\u4ee3\u7801.\n\nprivate final int threadLocalHashCode = nextHashCode();\n\n\/**\n * The next hash code to be given out. Updated atomically. Starts at\n * zero.\n *\/\nprivate static AtomicInteger nextHashCode =\n    new AtomicInteger();\n\n\/**\n * The difference between successively generated hash codes - turns\n * implicit sequential thread-local IDs into near-optimally spread\n * multiplicative hash values for power-of-two-sized tables.\n *\/\nprivate static final int HASH_INCREMENT = 0x61c88647;\n\n\/**\n * Returns the next hash code.\n *\/\nprivate static int nextHashCode() {\n    \/\/\u81ea\u589e\n    return nextHashCode.getAndAdd(HASH_INCREMENT);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u56e0\u4e3astatic\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21new ThreadLocal<\/code>\u65f6\u56e0\u4e3athreadLocalHashCode\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7fthreadLocalHashCode\u503c\u81ea\u589e\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u589e\u91cf\u4e3a0x61c88647<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
0x61c88647<\/code>\u662f\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6563\u5217\u4e58\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u6563\u5217(hash)\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u5e03\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5747\u5300\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u907f\u514dhash\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ee5\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf16\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0chash\u5e76\u4e0e15\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
hashCode<\/th>\n\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
0x61c88647<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0xc3910c8e<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0x255992d5<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0x8722191c<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0xe8ea9f63<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0x4ab325aa<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0xac7babf1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0xe443238<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0x700cb87f<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u603b\u7ed3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00ThreadLocal\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u503ci\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684table\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5373\u90fd\u4e3atable[i]\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684table\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540cThreadLocal\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bThreadLocal\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2atable\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6bcf\u4e2aThreadLocal\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5728table\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15i\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    get()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n
    \/\/ThreadLocal\u4e2dget\u65b9\u6cd5\npublic T get() {\n    Thread t = Thread.currentThread();\n    ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);\n    if (map != null) {\n        ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);\n        if (e != null) {\n            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")\n            T result = (T)e.value;\n            return result;\n        }\n    }\n    return setInitialValue();\n}\n\n\/\/ThreadLocalMap\u4e2dgetEntry\u65b9\u6cd5\nprivate Entry getEntry(ThreadLocal<?> key) {\n    int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (table.length - 1);\n    Entry e = table[i];\n    if (e != null && e.get() == key)\n        return e;\n    else\n        return getEntryAfterMiss(key, i, e);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u7406\u89e3\u4e86set\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cget\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5c31\u6e05\u695a\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7d22\u5f15\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8bfb\u53d6\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
    ThreadLocal\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53caThread\uff0cThreadLocal\uff0cThreadLocalMap\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u7c7b\u3002\u5173\u4e8eThreadLocal\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6d41\u7a0b\u6b63\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u5199\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u5904\u7406\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n
    ThreadLocal\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n
    ThreadLocal\u548cSynchronized\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u76f8\u540c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u70b9\u662f<\/p>\n
      \n
    • Synchronized\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u727a\u7272\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8bbf\u95ee\u51b2\u7a81<\/li>\n
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