{"id":1316,"date":"2023-03-18T11:22:35","date_gmt":"2023-03-18T03:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/?p=1316"},"modified":"2023-04-29T09:13:02","modified_gmt":"2023-04-29T01:13:02","slug":"vue-3-feature-experience","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/2023\/03\/18\/vue-3-feature-experience\/","title":{"rendered":"Vue 3.0 \u7279\u6027\u4f53\u9a8c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u521b\u5efavue\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n

Vue 3.0 \u521b\u5efavue\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528new<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e86\uff0c\u6765\u770bsrc\/main.js<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

import { createApp } from 'vue'\nimport App from '.\/App.vue'\nimport router from '.\/router'\nimport store from '.\/store'\n\ncreateApp(App).use(router).use(store).mount('#app')<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u98ce\u683c\u6765\u521b\u5efavue\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97 Vue 2.0 \u662f\u600e\u4e48\u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5417\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/\/ Vue2 \u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b\nimport Vue from 'vue'\nimport App from '.\/App'\nimport router from '.\/router'\nimport store from '.\/store'\n\nnew Vue({\n  el: '#app',\n  router,\n  store,\n  render: h => h(App)\n})<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n
\u770b\u770b\u8def\u7531\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1asrc\/router\/index.js<\/code><\/p>\n
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'\nimport Home from '..\/views\/Home.vue'\n\nconst routes = [\n  {\n    path: '\/',\n    name: 'Home',\n    component: Home\n  },\n  {\n    path: '\/about',\n    name: 'About',\n    \/\/ route level code-splitting\n    \/\/ this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route\n    \/\/ which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.\n    component: () => import(\/* webpackChunkName: "about" *\/ '..\/views\/About.vue')\n  }\n]\n\nconst router = createRouter({\n  history: createWebHistory(process.env.BASE_URL),\n  routes\n})\n\nexport default router<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u5347\u7ea7\u540e\u8def\u7531\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0e vue2 \u7248\u672c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u8def\u7531\u5b9e\u4f8b\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5f15\u5165createRouter<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u521b\u5efahistory<\/code>\u6a21\u5f0f\u8def\u7531\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5f15\u5165createWebHistory<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fbe\u5230Tree-Shaking<\/code>\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684api<\/code>\u90fd\u6253\u5305\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u6253\u5305\u7528\u5230\u7684api<\/code>\uff0cvue3 \u5c06\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u3001methods\u3001watch \u548c computed<\/h2>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6539\u52a8\u6700\u5927\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e89\u8bae\u6700\u5927\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6765\u770b\u770b\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728 Vue 2.0 \u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/\/ Vue2\nexport default {\n  \/\/ ....\n  data() {\n    return {\n      state: {\n        count: 0\n      }\n    };\n  },\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728 Vue 3.0 \u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/\/ Vue3\nimport { ref } from 'vue'\nexport default {\n  setup () {\n    const count = ref(0) \/\/ \u58f0\u660e count\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4e3a 0\n    const str = ref('hello') \/\/ \u58f0\u660e str\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4e3a 'hello'\n    return {\n      count,\n      str\n    }\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5148\u5f15\u5165ref<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5728setup<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6dfb\u52a0methods<\/code>\uff0cwatch<\/code>\u548ccomputed<\/code>\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5728setup<\/code>\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ddf\u5728vue2\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cvue2\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u9009\u9879\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u521b\u5efadata<\/code>\u3001methods<\/code>\u3001watch<\/code>\u548ccomputed<\/code>\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6f14\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408methods<\/code>\u3001watch<\/code>\u548ccomputed<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
<template>\n  <div class="home">\n   <p>count: {{count}}<\/p>\n   <p>doubleCount: {{doubleCount}}<\/p>\n   <button @click="add">\u589e\u52a0<\/button>\n  <\/div>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nimport { ref, watch, computed } from 'vue'\nexport default {\n  setup () {\n    \/\/ \u58f0\u660e count \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4e3a 0\n    const count = ref(0)\n\n    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49 add \u65b9\u6cd5\n    const add = () => {\n      count.value++\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49 watch\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5f15\u5165 watch \u65b9\u6cd5\n    watch(\n      () => count.value,\n      (val, oldVal) => { console.log(`new count: ${val}\uff0cold count: ${oldVal}`) }\n    )\n\n    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49computed\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5f15\u5165 computed \u65b9\u6cd5\n    const doubleCount = computed(() => count.value * 2)\n\n    return {\n      count,\n      add,\n      doubleCount\n    }\n  }\n}\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728setup<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u540ereturn<\/code>\u51fa\u53bb\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u662f\u5426\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cc\u8bbf\u95eecount<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528.value<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728setup<\/code>\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5df2\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528.value<\/code>\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728watch<\/code>\u548ccomputed<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49watch<\/code>\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5f15\u5165watch<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86Tree-Shaking<\/code>\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c31\u5f15\u5165\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6253\u5305\u4e5f\u53ea\u6253\u5305\u7528\u5230\u7684api<\/code>\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684computed<\/code>\u4e5f\u540c\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
watch<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u65b0\u503c\u548c\u65e7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
computed<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u9700\u8981return<\/code>\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 reactive<\/h3>\n
\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u58f0\u660e\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\uff08\u4f7f\u7528reactive<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n
\u524d\u9762\u8bf4\u5230\u58f0\u660e\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528ref<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528reactive<\/code>\u6765\u4e00\u6b21\u58f0\u660e\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
<template>\n  <div class="home">\n    <p>str: {{state.str}}<\/p>\n   <p>count: {{state.count}}<\/p>\n   <button @click="add">\u589e\u52a0<\/button>\n  <\/div>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nimport { reactive } from 'vue'\nexport default {\n  setup () {\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165 reactive\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\n    const state = reactive({\n      count: 0,\n      str: 'hello'\n    })\n\n    \/\/ \u73b0\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 .value \u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\n    const add = () => {\n      \/\/ state.count.value++ \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\n      state.count++\n    }\n\n    return {\n      state,\n      add\n    }\n  }\n}\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n
reactive \u548c ref<\/h3>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u8bf4\u5230ref<\/code>\u548creactive<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u518d\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u8bf4\u3002reactive<\/code>\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5b83\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e 2.x \u4e2d\u7684Vue.observable()<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
const obj = reactive({ count: 0 })\n\n\/\/ obj \u6b64\u65f6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\n\/\/ \u8bbf\u95ee\u6216\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u57fa\u4e8e obj.count<\/code><\/pre>\n
ref<\/code>\u4e5f\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u4e14\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\u7684ref<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u503c\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528reactive<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5c42\u54cd\u5e94\u8f6c\u6362\u3002ref<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u5185\u90e8\u503c\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u5c5e\u6027.value<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u4f60\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981.value<\/code>\u62ff\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5728setup<\/code>\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u4e14\u7528\u5230\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5728{% raw %}{{}}<\/code>{% endraw %}\u91cc\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0.value<\/code>\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u5957\u3002<\/p>\n
<template>\n  <div>{{ count }}<\/div>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\n  export default {\n    setup() {\n      return {\n        count: ref(0), \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u65e0\u9700 .value \u8bbf\u95ee\u503c\n      }\n    },\n  }\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n
Vue 3.0 \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528getCurrentInstance<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7ctx<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0cctx.$router<\/code>\u662f\u8def\u7531\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u800cctx.$router.currentRoute<\/code>\u5c31\u5305\u542b\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
<script>\nimport { getCurrentInstance } from 'vue'\n\nexport default {\n  setup () {\n    const { ctx } = getCurrentInstance()\n    console.log(ctx.$router.currentRoute.value)\n  }\n}\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n
vuex<\/h3>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6src\/store\/index.js<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
import Vuex from 'vuex'\n\nexport default Vuex.createStore({\n  state: {\n  },\n  mutations: {\n  },\n  actions: {\n  },\n  modules: {\n  }\n})<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53d1\u73b0\u521b\u5efastore<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\uff0cVue 2.0 \u4e2d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528new<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/\/ Vue2 \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa store \u5b9e\u4f8b\nexport default new Vuex.Store({\n   \/\/ ... \n})<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50\u6f14\u793a Vue 3.0 \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528store<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\uff081\uff09\u521b\u5efastore<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
import Vuex from 'vuex'\n\nexport default Vuex.createStore({\n  state: {\n    count: 0\n  },\n  mutations: {\n    ADD (state) {\n      state.count++\n    }\n  },\n  actions: {\n    add ({ commit }) {\n      commit('ADD')\n    }\n  },\n  modules: {\n  }\n})<\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff082\uff09\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528store<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
<template>\n  <div class="home">\n    <p>{{count}}<\/p>\n    <button @click="add">\u589e\u52a0<\/button>\n  <\/div>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nimport { computed } from 'vue'\nimport { useStore } from 'vuex'\nexport default {\n  setup () {\n    const store = useStore()\n    const count = computed(() => store.state.count)\n\n    const add = () => {\n      store.dispatch('add')\n    }\n\n    return {\n      count,\n      add\n    }\n  }\n}\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230vuex<\/code>\u7684api<\/code>\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165useStore<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56destore<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6store<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
import {getCurrentInstance} from 'vue'\n\n\/\/ ...\nconst store = getCurrentInstance().ctx.$store<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u8fd9\u5427\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6db5\u76d6\u5230\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u7b49\u5f85 Vue 3.0 \u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u7248\u5427\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bb2\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u76ee\u524d Vue 3.0 beta \u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540e\u7eedapi<\/code>\u4e0d\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u7b49\u6b63\u5f0f\u7248\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u5427<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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