{"id":770,"date":"2023-02-26T21:43:48","date_gmt":"2023-02-26T13:43:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/?p=770"},"modified":"2023-04-29T16:57:33","modified_gmt":"2023-04-29T08:57:33","slug":"android-test-test-the-app-in-android","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/2023\/02\/26\/android-test-test-the-app-in-android\/","title":{"rendered":"Android\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff081\uff09\uff1a\u5728Android\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5App"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1a<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/testing\/index.html\">https:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/testing\/index.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5App\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u5e03\u4e4b\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!-- more --><\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u9988\u5931\u8d25<\/li>\n<li>\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u95ee\u9898\u68c0\u6d4b<\/li>\n<li>\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u91cd\u6784\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u56de\u5f52<\/li>\n<li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u5f00\u53d1\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u51cf\u5c11\u6280\u672f\u503a\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u5355\u5143\u201d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65e9\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u6784\u66f4\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff1b\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u867d\u7136\u524d\u671f\u7f16\u5199\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9879\u76ee\u540e\u671f\u4ee3\u7801\u5145\u6ee1Bug\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u62d6\u6162\u5f00\u53d1\u8fdb\u5ea6\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6280\u672f\u503a\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728Android\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e93\u3001Android\u5e73\u53f0\u548c\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u7f16\u5199Android\u5e94\u7528\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Espresso<\/h2>\n<p>Espresso\u662fAndroid\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u81ea\u5e26\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e93\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u767d\u76d2\u98ce\u683c\u7684UI\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u3002UI\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5c31\u90fd\u662f\u9ed1\u76d2\u7684\u4e48\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u662f\u767d\u76d2\u98ce\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u767d\u76d2\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Espresso\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8c03\u7528Android\u63a7\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c Android\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5Android\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0cActivity\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">\/** Called when the user clicks the Send button *\/\npublic void sendMessage(View view) {\n    \/\/ Do something in response to button\n    Intent intent = new Intent(this, DisplayMessageActivity.class);\n    EditText editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edit_message);\n    String message = editText.getText().toString();\n    intent.putExtra(EXTRA_MESSAGE, message);\n    startActivity(intent);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 R.id.edit_message \u8c03\u7528\u5e03\u5c40\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u8f6c\u4ea4\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2aActivity\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5 Espresso \u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">@Test\npublic void InputEditCase() throws InterruptedException {\n    onView(withId(R.id.edit_message)).perform(typeText(STRING_TO_BE_TYPED));\n    onView(withId(R.id.send_button)).perform(click());\n\n    onView(withId(R.id.display_message)).check(matches(isDisplayed()));\n    onView(withId(R.id.display_message)).check(matches(withText(&quot;hello,&quot; + STRING_TO_BE_TYPED)));\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f R.id.edit_message \u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u63a7\u4ef6\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u767d\u76d2\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u9ed1\u76d2UI\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7UI\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u770b\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982\uff1aUIAutomatorViewer\uff09\u786e\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u3002Espresso\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u770b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u51c6\u786e\u70b9\u662f\u770bAndroid\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u63a7\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0cEspresso\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e SDK \u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6761\u7528\u4f8b\u5fc5\u987b\u5728Android\u6a21\u62df\u5668\uff08\u6216\u771f\u673a\uff09\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5App\uff0c\u542f\u52a8App\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u57fa\u4e8eUI\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Robolectric<\/h2>\n<p>Robolectric\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Android\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u5728JVM\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4f1a\u6bd4 Espesso\u5feb\u4e0a\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)\npublic class MyActivityTest {\n\n    @Test\n    public void clickingButton_shouldChangeResultsViewText() throws Exception {\n        MyActivity activity = Robolectric.setupActivity(MyActivity.class);\n\n        Button button = (Button) activity.findViewById(R.id.button);\n        TextView results = (TextView) activity.findViewById(R.id.results);\n\n        button.performClick();\n        assertThat(results.getText().toString()).isEqualTo(&quot;Robolectric Rocks!&quot;);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6765\u4e00\u6bb5\u5b98\u65b9Demo\uff0cRobolectric\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u5957JVM\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u7684Android\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53bb\u622a\u53d6Android\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f6c\u5230\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u539f\u7406\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u77e5\u9053Robolectric\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6253\u5f00App\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6bb5\u666e\u901a\u7684Java\u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f53\u7136\u5c31\u5f88\u5feb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>AndroidJUnitRunner<\/h2>\n<p>AndroidJUnitRunner\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662fGoogle\u57fa\u4e8eJunit\u9488\u5bf9Anroid\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u8fd0\u884c\u5668\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b83\u7528\u6765\u8fd0\u884cEspresso\u8fd8\u662fUiautomator\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u3002\u90a3Robolectric\u5462\uff1f\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2dRobolectric\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u5668\u53ebRobolectricTestRunner<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)\npublic class MainActivityTest {\n\n   \u2026\u2026\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u662f\u7528 AndroidJUnit4 \u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662fAndroidJUnitRunner\u8fd0\u884c\u5668\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662fGoogle\u7684\u4eb2\u513f\u5b50\uff01<\/p>\n<p>Android Studio \u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b97\u65e8\u3002 \u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u5b8c\u6210\u51e0\u6b21\u70b9\u51fb\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u672c\u5730 JVM \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684 JUnit \u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6216\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u6d4b\u8bd5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u6210 Mockito \u5728\u672c\u5730\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5 Android API \u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c6\u6210 Espresso \u6216 UI Automator \u5728\u4eea\u5668\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u6f14\u7ec3\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002 \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 Espresso \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bb0\u5f55\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210 Espresso \u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1ahttps:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/testing\/index [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[222],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-android-test"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/770","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=770"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/770\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}