{"id":778,"date":"2023-02-28T10:56:18","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T02:56:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/?p=778"},"modified":"2023-04-29T16:56:33","modified_gmt":"2023-04-29T08:56:33","slug":"android-test-ui-automation-automation-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/2023\/02\/28\/android-test-ui-automation-automation-test\/","title":{"rendered":"Android\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff088\uff09\uff1aUI Automator\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1a<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/testing\/ui-testing\/uiautomator-testing.html\">https:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/testing\/ui-testing\/uiautomator-testing.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u6d89\u53ca\u8de8\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff08UI\uff09\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6d41\u91cf\u8de8\u8d8a\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edfUI\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7528\u6237\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u542f\u52a8Android\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u63d0\u4ea4\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!-- more --><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Android\u6d4b\u8bd5\u652f\u6301\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684UI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u7f16\u5199\u6b64\u7c7bUI\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002 UI Automator API\u53ef\u8ba9\u4f60\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u54ea\u4e2aActivity\u5904\u4e8e\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff08\u5982\u8be5\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6216\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u63cf\u8ff0\uff09\u67e5\u627eUI\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002 UI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884cAndroid 4.3\uff08API\u7ea7\u522b18\uff09\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>UI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Instrumentation\u7684API\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0eAndroidJUnitRunner\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u5668\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u914d\u7f6eUI Automator<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528UI Automator\u6784\u5efaUI\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728build.gradle\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>dependencies {\n    androidTestImplementation &#039;com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.1.3&#039;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316UI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u76ee\u6807\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u67e5\u770b\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684UI<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u53ef\u89c1\u7684UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u786e\u4fddUI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\u3001<code>android:contentDescription<\/code>\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>uiautomatorviewer\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u754c\u9762\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5e03\u5c40\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u8bbe\u5907\u524d\u53f0\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528UI Automator\u521b\u5efa\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7279\u5b9a\u53ef\u89c1\u5c5e\u6027\u7684UI\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u542f\u52a8uiautomatorviewer\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u5728\u7269\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u542f\u52a8\u76ee\u6807\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li>2.\u5c06\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u673a\u5668<\/li>\n<li>3.\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3\u5e76\u5bfc\u822a\u5230<android-sdk> \/ tools \/\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>4.\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\uff1a$ uiautomatorviewer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684UI\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1.\u5728uiautomatorviewer\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb <code>Device Screenshot<\/code> \u6309\u94ae<br \/>\n2.\u5c06\u9f20\u6807\u60ac\u505c\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u4e0a\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7531uiautomatorviewer\u5de5\u5177\u6807\u8bc6\u7684UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u5c5e\u6027\u5217\u5728\u53f3\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53f3\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u5c42\u6b21\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa<br \/>\n3.\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5355\u51fb Toggle NAF Nodes \u6309\u94ae\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bUI Automator\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u53ea\u6709\u6709\u9650\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u7528<\/p>\n<h3>\u786e\u4fddActivity\u662f\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684<\/h3>\n<p>UI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u5bf9\u5df2\u5b9e\u65bdAndroid\u8f85\u52a9\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528View\u7c7b\u578b\u7684UI\u5143\u7d20\u6216SDK\u6216Support Library\u4e2d\u7684View\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49UI\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81eaSDK\u6216\u652f\u6301\u5e93\u7684View\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u8fc7\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u529f\u80fd\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55<code>ExploreByTouchHelper<\/code>\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li>2.\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528<code>setAccessibilityDelegate()<\/code>\u5c06\u65b0\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49UI\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u5173\u8054<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6709\u5173\u5c06\u8f85\u52a9\u529f\u80fd\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u8981\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3Android\u4e0a\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aUI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b<\/h2>\n<p>UI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u50cfJUnit 4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\u7f16\u5199\u3002\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u5173\u521b\u5efaJUnit 4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u548c\u4f7f\u7528JUnit 4\u65ad\u8a00\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u6dfb\u52a0<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"mailto:code&gt;@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)&lt;\/code\">code>@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)<\/code<\/a>\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5c06Android\u6d4b\u8bd5\u652f\u6301\u5e93\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684AndroidJUnitRunner\u7c7b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u5668\u3002\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884cUI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u5c06\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u6b64\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728UI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528<code>getInstance()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2aInstrumentation\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a<code>UiDevice<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/li>\n<li>2.\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528<code>findObject()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6<code>UiObject<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u7684UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u524d\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u89c6\u56fe\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>3.\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528<code>UiObject<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8c03\u7528<code>performMultiPointerGesture()<\/code>\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u591a\u70b9\u89e6\u6478\u624b\u52bf\uff0c<code>setText()<\/code>\u6765\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u8c03\u7528\u6b65\u9aa42\u548c3\u4e2d\u7684API\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2aUI\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6216\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/li>\n<li>4.\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5UI\u662f\u5426\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u9884\u671f\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u8bbf\u95eeUI\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p><code>UiDevice<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bbe\u5907\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528<code>UiDevice<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5404\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u524d\u65b9\u5411\u6216\u663e\u793a\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>UiDevice<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6267\u884c\u8bbe\u5907\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6309\u4e0bD-pad\u786c\u4ef6\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309Home\uff08\u4e3b\u9875\uff09\u548cMenu\uff08\u83dc\u5355\uff09\u6309\u94ae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4e3b\u5c4f\u5e55\u5f00\u59cb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528UI Automator API\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684UI\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u4e0e\u4e4b\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a<code>UiDevice<\/code>\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u6a21\u62df\u6309\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9875\u6309\u94ae\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">import android.content.Context;\nimport android.content.Intent;\nimport android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;\nimport android.support.test.filters.SdkSuppress;\nimport android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;\nimport android.support.test.uiautomator.By;\nimport android.support.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;\nimport android.support.test.uiautomator.Until;\n\nimport org.junit.Test;\nimport org.junit.runner.RunWith;\n\nimport static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.assertThat;\nimport static org.hamcrest.core.IsNull.notNullValue;\n\n@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)\n@SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 18)\npublic class UiDeviceTest {\n    private static final String BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE\n            = &quot;com.miui.calculator&quot;;\n    private static final int LAUNCH_TIMEOUT = 5000;\n    private static final String STRING_TO_BE_TYPED = &quot;UiAutomator&quot;;\n    private UiDevice mDevice;\n\n    @Test\n    public void startMainActivityFromHomeScreen() {\n        \/\/ Initialize UiDevice instance\n        mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());\n\n        \/\/ Start from the home screen\n        mDevice.pressHome();\n\n        \/\/ Wait for launcher\n        final String launcherPackage = mDevice.getLauncherPackageName();\n        assertThat(launcherPackage, notNullValue());\n        mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(launcherPackage).depth(0)), LAUNCH_TIMEOUT);\n\n        \/\/ Launch the app\n        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();\n        final Intent intent = context.getPackageManager()\n                .getLaunchIntentForPackage(BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE);\n        \/\/ Clear out any previous instances\n        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);\n        context.startActivity(intent);\n\n        \/\/ Wait for the app to appear\n        mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE).depth(0)), LAUNCH_TIMEOUT);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>@SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 18)<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ea\u80fd\u5728Android 4.3\uff08API\u7ea7\u522b18\uff09\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982UI Automator\u6846\u67b6\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>findObject()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u7d22\u4e00\u4e2a<code>UiObject<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7ed9\u5b9a\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528<code>UiObject<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5355\u51fbUI\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u67e5\u8be2\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\uff0cUI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5339\u914d\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u8868\u793a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u53d6\u6d88\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u548c\u201c\u786e\u5b9a\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u7684<code>UIObject<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">UiObject cancelButton = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector()\n        .text(&quot;Cancel&quot;))\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.Button&quot;));\nUiObject okButton = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector()\n        .text(&quot;OK&quot;))\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.Button&quot;));\n\n\/\/ Simulate a user-click on the OK button, if found.\nif (okButton.exists() &amp;&amp; okButton.isEnabled()) {\n    okButton.click();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u6307\u5b9a\u9009\u62e9\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9aUI\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528<code>UiSelector<\/code>\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u663e\u793a\u7684UI\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u5143\u7d20\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807<code>UiObject<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u6784\u5efa<code>UiSelector<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684UI\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u629b\u51fa<code>UiAutomatorObjectNotFoundException<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>childSelector()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5d4c\u5957\u591a\u4e2a<code>UiSelector<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u8bd5\u641c\u7d22\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u663e\u793a\u7684UI\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aListView\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8be5ListView\u5185\u641c\u7d22\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u5177\u6709\u6587\u672c\u5c5e\u6027Apps\u7684UI\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">UiObject appItem = new UiObject(new UiSelector()\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.ListView&quot;)\n        .instance(0)\n        .childSelector(new UiSelector()\n        .text(&quot;Apps&quot;)));<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u8d44\u6e90ID\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u914d\u7ed9UI\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u672c\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u5185\u5bb9\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u6709\u6587\u672c\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5de5\u5177\u680f\u4e2d\u7684\u56fe\u6807\uff09\u3002\u6587\u672c\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u5f88\u8106\u5f31\uff0c\u5982\u679cUI\u53d1\u751f\u7ec6\u5fae\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u6587\u672c\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u6240\u6709\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53d6\u6d88\u9009\u4e2d\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a<code>true<\/code>\u7684<code>checked()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u4f60\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<code>UIObject<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528<code>UIObject<\/code>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u8868\u793a\u7684UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u6307\u5b9a\u5982\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>click()\uff1a\u5355\u51fbUI\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u89c1\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/li>\n<li>dragTo()\uff1a\u5c06\u6b64\u5bf9\u8c61\u62d6\u52a8\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u5750\u6807<\/li>\n<li>setText()\uff1a\u6e05\u9664\u5b57\u6bb5\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ef\u7f16\u8f91\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cclearTextField()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6e05\u9664\u53ef\u7f16\u8f91\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u6587\u672c<\/li>\n<li>swipeUp()\uff1a\u5bf9UiObject\u6267\u884c\u6ed1\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0cswipeDown()\uff0cswipeLeft()\u548cswipeRight()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>UI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u901a\u8fc7getContext()\u83b7\u53d6Context\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u53d1\u9001Intent\u6216\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2aActivity\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4f7f\u7528shell\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Intent\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u53d1\u5c04\u5668<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">public void setUp() {\n    ...\n\n    \/\/ Launch a simple calculator app\n    Context context = getInstrumentation().getContext();\n    Intent intent = context.getPackageManager()\n            .getLaunchIntentForPackage(CALC_PACKAGE);\n    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);\n    \/\/ Clear out any previous instances\n    context.startActivity(intent);\n    mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(CALC_PACKAGE).depth(0)), TIMEOUT);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u5bf9\u96c6\u5408\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u9879\u76ee\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u97f3\u4e50\u76f8\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\u6216\u6536\u4ef6\u7bb1\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528<code>UiCollection<\/code>\u7c7b\u3002\u8981\u521b\u5efa<code>UiCollection<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8bf7\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a<code>UiSelector<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22UI\u5bb9\u5668\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5b50UI\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5305\u88c5\u5668\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5305\u542b\u5b50UI\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u89c6\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efaUiCollection\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5728FrameLayout\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u4e13\u8f91\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">UiCollection videos = new UiCollection(new UiSelector()\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.FrameLayout&quot;));\n\n\/\/ Retrieve the number of videos in this collection:\nint count = videos.getChildCount(new UiSelector()\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.LinearLayout&quot;));\n\n\/\/ Find a specific video and simulate a user-click on it\nUiObject video = videos.getChildByText(new UiSelector()\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.LinearLayout&quot;), &quot;Cute Baby Laughing&quot;);\nvideo.click();\n\n\/\/ Simulate selecting a checkbox that is associated with the video\nUiObject checkBox = video.getChild(new UiSelector()\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.Checkbox&quot;));\nif(!checkBox.isSelected()) checkbox.click();<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u5728\u53ef\u6eda\u52a8\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>UiScrollable<\/code>\u7c7b\u6a21\u62df\u5782\u76f4\u6216\u6c34\u5e73\u6eda\u52a8\u663e\u793a\u3002\u5f53UI\u5143\u7d20\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5c4f\u5e55\u5916\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u6eda\u52a8\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u663e\u793a\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u6280\u672f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u6a21\u62df\u5411\u4e0b\u6eda\u52a8\u201cSettings\u201d\u83dc\u5355\u5e76\u70b9\u51fb\u201cAbout tablet option\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">UiScrollable settingsItem = new UiScrollable(new UiSelector()\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.ListView&quot;));\nUiObject about = settingsItem.getChildByText(new UiSelector()\n        .className(&quot;android.widget.LinearLayout&quot;), &quot;About tablet&quot;);\nabout.click();<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c<\/h3>\n<p>InstrumentationTestCase\u6269\u5c55\u4e86TestCase\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u7684JUnit Assert\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684UI\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u9884\u671f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u70b9\u51fb\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">private static final String CALC_PACKAGE = &quot;com.myexample.calc&quot;;\n\npublic void testTwoPlusThreeEqualsFive() {\n    \/\/ Enter an equation: 2 + 3 = ?\n    mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector()\n            .packageName(CALC_PACKAGE).resourceId(&quot;two&quot;)).click();\n    mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector()\n            .packageName(CALC_PACKAGE).resourceId(&quot;plus&quot;)).click();\n    mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector()\n            .packageName(CALC_PACKAGE).resourceId(&quot;three&quot;)).click();\n    mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector()\n            .packageName(CALC_PACKAGE).resourceId(&quot;equals&quot;)).click();\n\n    \/\/ Verify the result = 5\n    UiObject result = mDevice.findObject(By.res(CALC_PACKAGE, &quot;result&quot;));\n    assertEquals(&quot;5&quot;, result.getText());\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884cUI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceAndroid Studio\u6216\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fd0\u884cUI Automator\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5c06AndroidJUnitRunner\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1ahttps:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/testing\/ui-te [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[222],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-android-test"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=778"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/778\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appblog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}